Prodhomme was born as Marie Joséphine Gastineau in Vergonnes, located in the Maine et Loire department of Pays de la Loire, on 14 June 1900. She was married and had two children, Louis and Denise.
Prodhomme died in a retirement home in Craon, Mayenne, Pays de la Loire on 30 January 2011 at the age of 110 years, 230 days. She was survived by her two children, as well as four grandchildren and an unreported number of great and great-great grandchildren.
Prodhomme was the second-oldest resident of Pays de la Loire after Brittany-born Marie-Thérèse Bardet, and the second-oldest native of the region after Centre-Val de Loire resident Mathilde Aussant.
Prodhomme’s age was verified by Luc Le Lay (GRG) and Cyril Depoudent of Les Grands Centenaires Français (ESO), and was validated by each organisation on 21 January 2011 and 19 November 2022 respectively.